After a series of salmonellosis outbreaks linked to ground beef that occurred annually from 2011 to 2013, FSIS released a two-year Salmonella action plan that contained 10 objectives or activities, including: "Explore the contribution of lymph nodes to Salmonella contamination" and "Pre-harvest related activities."

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) together comprise the CRISPR-Cas system.