One solution to solve biofilm contamination in food processing plants is to inoculate the production environment with probiotic microorganisms proven to be inhibitory to pathogens.
The evolution of food processing technology is examined by considering generalized examples in which process controls that were once good enough have been replaced by new approaches.
In the U.S., between 1983 and 2002, the six most commonly occurring serotypes of non-O157 Escherichia coli were O26, O111, O103, O121, O45 and O145, which have become foodborne pathogens of interest.